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United States v. First National City Bank

(1968)

United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit - 396 F.2d 897

tl;dr:

A US bank received a subpoena to produce documents held by its German branch, but refused to do so, claiming compliance would lead to liability in Germany. The court found no good reason for the refusal and charged the bank and its employee with contempt.

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Facts & HoldingUnited States v. First National City Bank case brief facts & holding

Facts:Citibank was asked to provide documents held in a foreign...

Holding:The court held that an American corporation cannot avoid a...

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United States v. First National City Bank | Case Brief DeepDive
Majority opinion, author: KAUFMAN, Circuit Judge:
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The legal case involves whether Citibank can refuse to comply with a valid Grand Jury subpoena duces tecum that requires the production of documents held by a foreign branch of the bank, on the basis that compliance would expose it to civil liability under the law of the foreign state. Citibank complied with the subpoena for documents in New York but refused to produce or investigate the existence of relevant documents in Frankfurt. The court found that Citibank did not provide a legally sufficient reason for failing to comply with the subpoena and held the bank and Loveland in civil contempt, fined the bank $2,000 per day for noncompliance, and sentenced Loveland to 60 days' imprisonment. The court must balance interests and consider specific facts when resolving conflicts between laws of different states. The court upholds the importance of enforcing the subpoena, citing Judge Learned Hand's statement that the suppression of truth is only justified when the opposing private interest is supreme, especially in cases where the inquiry concerns the public interest.

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