A more thorough explanation:

The laws of war are a set of rules and principles that civilized nations follow during a public war. These rules regulate various aspects of war, such as the treatment of prisoners, the relations between belligerents and neutrals, and the declaration of war and peace.

For example, the Geneva Conventions of 1949 are a set of international treaties that establish the humanitarian rules of war. These conventions provide protection to wounded soldiers, prisoners of war, and civilians in times of war. They also regulate the treatment of medical personnel and the use of certain weapons.

Another example is the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907, which established rules for the conduct of war on land and at sea. These conventions prohibited the use of certain weapons, such as poison gas, and established rules for the treatment of prisoners of war.

These examples illustrate how the laws of war aim to limit the suffering and destruction caused by war and protect those who are not directly involved in the conflict.