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Supreme Court of the United States - 136 S. Ct. 2198
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The University of Texas at Austin's admissions policy includes race as a subfactor in the Personal Achievement Index score, which is constitutional as long as it meets strict scrutiny and is not a mechanical plus factor for underrepresented minorities. The University's affirmative-action program met the strict scrutiny standard and is supported by a reasoned and principled explanation based on a year-long study. The University must reassess the constitutionality and efficacy of its admissions program based on experience and data, and ensure that race plays no greater role than necessary to meet its compelling interest of promoting cross-racial understanding, preparing for a diverse workforce and society, and cultivating leaders with legitimacy. The petitioner's chances of admission were impacted more by the Top Ten Percent Plan than the school's consideration of race under its holistic-review process. Judge Garza dissented.
The Supreme Court found that the University of Texas at Austin's use of race and ethnicity in admissions decisions violates the Equal Protection Clause and discriminates against Asian-American students. The University failed to identify specific interests that its plan serves, and its reliance on state demographics and a simple racial census is insufficient to justify a race-conscious plan. The Top Ten Percent Plan widens the "credentials gap" between minority and non-minority students, and UT's interest in intraracial diversity is too vague to satisfy strict scrutiny analysis. The Court ruled that UT's plan fails strict scrutiny as it is not narrowly tailored, and there is no evidence that race-blind, holistic review would not achieve UT's goals as well as its race-based policy. The lower court's decision to award a victory to UT was erroneous.
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